| 
Before the carpenter can begin his work, he must have a complete
set of construction drawings or
prints. He must be familiar with how the drawings are prepared. He should
also know how to read
the drawings so that he will understand what he must do to comply with
their requirements. This
chapter will help the carpenter to reach that understanding
ARCHITECTURAL SYMBOLS. LINE CONVENTIONS, AND MATERIAL CONVENTIONS
The plan for a building must give all the details necessary to
construct the building. Therefore, it usually consists of a
collection of sheets, called a set of plans. Each sheet shows the
details of a different phase or part of the construction. Several of
the sheets will be devoted to floor plans. Other sheets in the set
will show construction details (such as wiring, plumbing, and
air-conditioning details and types and quantities of materials).
Refer to Appendix A for conversion tables.
Architectural symbols on construction drawings show the type
and location of windows (Figure 1-1), doors (Figure 1-2), and
other features. They show the general shape of an actual
architectural feature and show any motion that is supposed to
occur.
 
Figure 1-1. Window symbols |
Figure 1-2. Door symbols |
Line conventions are different
types and weights of lines
used to represent the
features of an object. The
meaning of a line with
certain characteristics has
been standardized and will
be the same on any drawing.
These line conventions must
be understood in order to
read drawings. The line
conventions most often
encountered in construction
prints are shown and
described in Figure 1-3.
Material conventions are
symbols that show the type of
material used in the
structure. The symbol
selected normally represents
the material in some way; for
example, the symbol for wood
shows the grain in the wood.
(However, it is not always
possible to use a common
characteristic of the material
for the symbol.) (Appendix B
gives the symbols for the
most common types of
materials.)
Figure 1-4, page 1-4, shows
typical exterior and interior
wall symbols. (Note how the
material conventions are
used in the makeup of the
symbols for masonry, brick,
and concrete walls.)
The carpenter should know
all of the symbols for
materials to help him read a construction drawing. A symbol on a drawing
should always be
checked if there is any doubt about its meaning. Refer to Appendix B for
common abbreviations
and symbols. |
